--- /dev/null
+// SVD dimensionality reduction
+
+#include <float.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <math.h>
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+#ifdef GGML_USE_ACCELERATE
+#include <Accelerate/Accelerate.h>
+#endif
+
+float frand() {
+ return (float) rand() / (float) RAND_MAX;
+}
+
+//int sgesvd_(char *__jobu, char *__jobvt, __CLPK_integer *__m,
+// __CLPK_integer *__n, __CLPK_real *__a, __CLPK_integer *__lda,
+// __CLPK_real *__s, __CLPK_real *__u, __CLPK_integer *__ldu,
+// __CLPK_real *__vt, __CLPK_integer *__ldvt, __CLPK_real *__work,
+// __CLPK_integer *__lwork,
+// __CLPK_integer *__info)
+
+int main(int argc, const char ** argv) {
+ int m = 10;
+ int n = 5;
+
+ float * A = (float *) malloc(n * m * sizeof(float));
+ float * A0 = (float *) malloc(n * m * sizeof(float));
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ A[i * m + j] = (float) (10.0f*(i + 1) + 1.0f * frand());
+ //A[i * m + j] = (float) (10.0f*(i%2 + 1) + 0.1f * frand());
+ //if (i == 2) {
+ // A[i * m + j] += 20*frand();
+ //}
+ if ((i == 1 || i == 3) && j > m/2) {
+ A[i * m + j] = -A[i * m + j];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // average vector
+ //float * M = (float *) malloc(m * sizeof(float));
+
+ //{
+ // for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ // M[j] = 0.0f;
+ // }
+ // for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ // for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ // M[j] += A[i * m + j];
+ // }
+ // }
+ // for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ // M[j] /= (float) n;
+ // }
+ //}
+
+ //// subtract average vector
+ //for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ // for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ // A[i * m + j] -= M[j];
+ // }
+ //}
+
+ memcpy(A0, A, n * m * sizeof(float));
+
+ // print A
+ printf("A:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ printf("col %d : ", i);
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ printf("%9.5f ", A[i * m + j]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ // SVD
+ // A = U * S * V^T
+
+ float * U = (float *) malloc(n * m * sizeof(float));
+ float * S = (float *) malloc(n * sizeof(float));
+ float * V = (float *) malloc(n * n * sizeof(float));
+
+ int lda = m;
+ int ldu = m;
+ int ldvt = n;
+
+ float work_size;
+ int lwork = -1;
+ int info = 0;
+
+ sgesvd_("S", "S", &m, &n, A, &lda, S, U, &ldu, V, &ldvt, &work_size, &lwork, &info);
+
+ lwork = (int) work_size;
+
+ printf("work_size = %f, info = %d, lwork = %d\n", work_size, info, lwork);
+
+ float * work = (float *) malloc(lwork * sizeof(float));
+
+ sgesvd_("S", "S", &m, &n, A, &lda, S, U, &ldu, V, &ldvt, work, &lwork, &info);
+
+ // print U
+ printf("U:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ printf("col %d : ", i);
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ printf("%9.5f ", U[i * m + j]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ // normalize S
+ {
+ double sum = 0.0;
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ sum += S[i];
+ }
+ sum *= sqrt((double) m);
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ S[i] /= sum;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // print S
+ printf("S:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ printf("- %d = %9.5f\n", i, S[i]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ // print V
+ printf("V:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ printf("col %d : ", i);
+ for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
+ printf("%9.5f ", V[i * n + j]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ // print A
+ printf("A:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ printf("col %d : ", i);
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ printf("%9.5f ", A[i * m + j]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ // compute singular vectors in U
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ U[i * m + j] *= S[i];
+ }
+ }
+
+ // normalize U
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ double sum = 0.0;
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ sum += U[i * m + j] * U[i * m + j];
+ }
+ sum = sqrt(sum);
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ U[i * m + j] /= sum*sqrt((double) m);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // print U
+ printf("U:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ printf("col %d : ", i);
+ for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ printf("%9.5f ", U[i * m + j]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+
+ // project A0 onto U
+ float * A1 = (float *) malloc(n * n * sizeof(float));
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
+ A1[i * n + j] = 0.0f;
+ for (int k = 0; k < m; ++k) {
+ A1[i * n + j] += A0[i * m + k] * U[j * m + k];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // print A1
+ printf("A1:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ printf("col %d : ", i);
+ for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
+ printf("%9.5f ", A1[i * n + j]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}