ruby : support new-segment callback (#2506)

ruby : support new-segment callback (#2506)

* Add Params#new_segment_callback= method

* Add tests for Params#new_segment_callback=

* Group tests for #transcribe

* Don't use static for thread-safety

* Set new_segment_callback only when necessary

* Remove redundant check

* [skip ci] Add Ruby version README

* Revert "Group tests for #transcribe"

This reverts commit 71b65b00ccf1816c9ea8a247fb30f71bc09707d3.

* Revert "Add tests for Params#new_segment_callback="

This reverts commit 81e6df3bab7662da5379db51f28a989db7408c02.

* Add test for Context#full_n_segments

* Add Context#full_n_segments

* Add tests for lang API

* Add lang API

* Add tests for Context#full_lang_id API

* Add Context#full_lang_id

* Add abnormal test cases for lang

* Raise appropriate errors from lang APIs

* Add tests for Context#full_get_segment_t{0,1} API

* Add Context#full_get_segment_t{0,1}

* Add tests for Context#full_get_segment_speaker_turn_next API

* Add Context#full_get_segment_speaker_turn_next

* Add tests for Context#full_get_segment_text

* Add Context#full_get_setgment_text

* Add tests for Params#new_segment_callback=

* Run new segment callback

* Split tests to multiple files

* Use container struct for new segment callback

* Add tests for Params#new_segment_callback_user_data=

* Add Whisper::Params#new_user_callback_user_data=

* Add GC-related test for new segment callback

* Protect new segment callback related structs from GC

* Add meaningful test for build

* Rename: new_segment_callback_user_data -> new_segment_callback_container

* Add tests for Whisper::Segment

* Add Whisper::Segment and Whisper::Context#each_segment

* Extract c_ruby_whisper_callback_container_allocate()

* Add test for Whisper::Params#on_new_segment

* Add Whisper::Params#on_new_egment

* Assign symbol IDs to variables

* Make extsources.yaml simpler

* Update README

* Add document comments

* Add test for calling Whisper::Params#on_new_segment multiple times

* Add file dependencies to GitHub actions config and .gitignore

* Add more files to ext/.gitignore