common: introduce http.h for httplib-based client (#16373)
* common: introduce http.h for httplib-based client
This change moves cpp-httplib based URL parsing and client setup into
a new header `common/http.h`, and integrates it in `arg.cpp` and `run.cpp`.
It is an iteration towards removing libcurl, while intentionally
minimizing changes to existing code to guarantee the same behavior when
`LLAMA_CURL` is used.